GLP-1 Medications in Older Adults: Benefits & Risks

Major Benefits of GLP-1s for Older Adults

Recent research shows that GLP-1 medications (such as semaglutide and tirzepatide) provide significant health protections, especially for adults over age 60.

1. Better Heart & Blood Vessel Health

A large 2024 study of 83,000+ adults found that those taking GLP-1s had:

  • Better blood flow

  • Lower risk of stroke

  • Fewer cardiovascular events

  • Improved overall survival

GLP-1s have also been shown to reduce hospitalizations for heart failure, which is a major concern for aging adults.

2. Kidney Protection

GLP-1s help support kidney function and reduce risk of kidney decline—another common issue as we age.

3. Brain Health Support

Early research suggests that GLP-1s may help reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, conditions that affect nearly 1 in 10 people over age 65.

Concerns for Older Adults: Muscle & Bone Health

While GLP-1s offer powerful benefits, they can also lead to muscle loss and bone density loss, which are more risky in older adults.

1. Muscle Loss (Sarcopenia)

A 2024 Lancet study found significant muscle mass loss in older adults taking GLP-1s.

Since muscle naturally declines with age (3–8% per decade after age 30), losing additional muscle from rapid weight loss can push older adults into sarcopenia—leading to:

  • Frailty

  • Weakness

  • Higher fall risk

  • Difficulty regaining muscle

2. Bone Density Loss

Weight loss reduces bone load, which can lead to:

  • Thinner, weaker bones

  • Increased risk of fractures

  • Higher risk of osteoporosis

How Older Adults Can Stay Safe on GLP-1s

You can safely and successfully use GLP-1s at any age when you support muscle and bone health.

1. Prioritize Daily Protein

Older adults need 90–120 grams of protein per day to maintain muscle.

2. Do Strength Training

Aim for resistance or weight-bearing exercise at least 2–4 times per week to protect muscle and bone density.

3. Support Bone Health

Adults over 70 should get:

  • 1200 mg calcium daily

  • 800 IU vitamin D daily

4. Monitor Your Progress

Work with your clinician to track:

  • Muscle mass

  • Bone density

  • Strength and balance

  • Nutrient intake

Bottom Line

GLP-1 medications provide major health benefits for older adults—better heart health, improved kidney function, and even potential protection for the brain.
However, they must be paired with adequate protein, resistance exercise, and bone-supporting nutrients to prevent muscle and bone loss.

With the right support, GLP-1s can be a safe, effective, and life-changing tool for healthy aging.